Access Token
A short-lived pass that lets an app read certain information. It does not let the app move funds.
Glossary
Glossary
This page explains common terms you’ll see in our app and docs — in simple, beginner-friendly language. We keep this public-safe: no private implementation details, no internal addresses, and no exploitable specifics.
Clear & concise Easy to scan
Public note: This glossary avoids internal mechanics. Entries are high-level and for general understanding.
A–C
Admin Dashboard
An internal screen for moderators and operators to manage high-level settings.
An internal screen for moderators and operators to manage high-level settings.
Allowlist
A list of accounts allowed to perform a sensitive action.
A list of accounts allowed to perform a sensitive action.
API (REST / WS)
Ways apps and partners can read public data or subscribe to updates.
Ways apps and partners can read public data or subscribe to updates.
Associated Token Account (ATA)
A standard wallet sub-account used to hold a specific token.
A standard wallet sub-account used to hold a specific token.
Atomic Transaction
A bundle of actions that all succeed or all fail together.
A bundle of actions that all succeed or all fail together.
Attribution Handle (Referrals)
A public label that credits who referred an action, without exposing personal info.
A public label that credits who referred an action, without exposing personal info.
Backfill
Catching up historical data if anything was missed earlier.
Catching up historical data if anything was missed earlier.
Backpressure
Deliberate slowing down to keep systems stable during heavy activity.
Deliberate slowing down to keep systems stable during heavy activity.
Backstop (Liquidations)
A reserve or process that helps finish liquidations when markets are stressed.
A reserve or process that helps finish liquidations when markets are stressed.
Banked Rewards
Rewards set aside temporarily when nobody is currently staked to receive them.
Rewards set aside temporarily when nobody is currently staked to receive them.
Base58
A common way to display wallet addresses and signatures.
A common way to display wallet addresses and signatures.
Basket (Synthetic)
A token that represents a mix of multiple components, like an index.
A token that represents a mix of multiple components, like an index.
Broadcast API
A way to tell apps “something changed,” prompting them to refetch fresh data.
A way to tell apps “something changed,” prompting them to refetch fresh data.
Canonical Registry
The official catalogue for names, symbols, decimals, and status flags.
The official catalogue for names, symbols, decimals, and status flags.
Cap (Generic)
A safe limit (like supply or rate) used to control risk.
A safe limit (like supply or rate) used to control risk.
Cash-Secured Put
An options strategy where cash is held aside to cover potential purchase obligations.
An options strategy where cash is held aside to cover potential purchase obligations.
CDN (Content Delivery Network)
A network that makes public files load quickly around the world.
A network that makes public files load quickly around the world.
Checkpoint
A bookmark that helps background jobs remember where they left off.
A bookmark that helps background jobs remember where they left off.
Circuit Breaker
An automatic “pause” if certain safety thresholds are exceeded.
An automatic “pause” if certain safety thresholds are exceeded.
CLI
Command-line tools used by engineers and on-call operators.
Command-line tools used by engineers and on-call operators.
Config (Program Config)
High-level settings that define who can do what and which features are enabled.
High-level settings that define who can do what and which features are enabled.
Conservation Check (Rewards)
A sanity check that what’s promised matches what’s actually held.
A sanity check that what’s promised matches what’s actually held.
Covered Call
An options strategy where the underlying asset is already set aside.
An options strategy where the underlying asset is already set aside.
Creation Unit (Basket)
A fixed bundle used when creating or redeeming a basket token.
A fixed bundle used when creating or redeeming a basket token.
Cross-Chain Listing
Showing a representation of an asset on another chain in a controlled way.
Showing a representation of an asset on another chain in a controlled way.
D–F
Data Contract
An agreed-upon shape for a public JSON payload so apps can rely on it.
An agreed-upon shape for a public JSON payload so apps can rely on it.
Dead Letter Queue
A safe place for messages that keep failing so they can be reviewed later.
A safe place for messages that keep failing so they can be reviewed later.
Decimals
How many digits a token supports after the decimal point.
How many digits a token supports after the decimal point.
Devnet / Mainnet
A practice network vs. the real network that holds live value.
A practice network vs. the real network that holds live value.
Dividends
Pro-rata token rewards for people who have staked qualifying shares.
Pro-rata token rewards for people who have staked qualifying shares.
Dividend Vault
A secure token account controlled by a program to hold reward funds.
A secure token account controlled by a program to hold reward funds.
Dust
Tiny leftovers that can appear when dividing amounts.
Tiny leftovers that can appear when dividing amounts.
Edge Quote Cache
A very short-term cache that helps price quotes feel snappy.
A very short-term cache that helps price quotes feel snappy.
Entitlement
How much reward you’ve earned so far, before claiming.
How much reward you’ve earned so far, before claiming.
Escrow (Orders)
Funds that are locked safely until an order fills, expires, or is canceled.
Funds that are locked safely until an order fills, expires, or is canceled.
Escrow Vault
A secure token account that backs an order during its lifetime.
A secure token account that backs an order during its lifetime.
Event Bus
A common format for publishing events so different parts of the system stay in sync.
A common format for publishing events so different parts of the system stay in sync.
Fill or Kill (FOK)
Order policy: either fill completely right now, or cancel entirely.
Order policy: either fill completely right now, or cancel entirely.
Fork (RPC)
When different nodes briefly see the network differently; the system resubmits safely.
When different nodes briefly see the network differently; the system resubmits safely.
Freeze
A temporary restriction on token transfers used during incidents.
A temporary restriction on token transfers used during incidents.
Funding (Perps)
A periodic payment that nudges long and short positions toward the market price.
A periodic payment that nudges long and short positions toward the market price.
G–I
Gateway
A fast read-only endpoint that serves public data.
A fast read-only endpoint that serves public data.
Golden Signals
Four health indicators: latency, traffic, errors, and saturation.
Four health indicators: latency, traffic, errors, and saturation.
Governance (Multisig/Timelock)
Rules for approving sensitive changes with multiple approvers and optional delays.
Rules for approving sensitive changes with multiple approvers and optional delays.
Heartbeat
A periodic “ping” to confirm a connection is still alive.
A periodic “ping” to confirm a connection is still alive.
IDL (Interface Description)
A machine-readable description of a program’s accounts and instructions.
A machine-readable description of a program’s accounts and instructions.
Idempotency Key
A unique tag that makes safe retries possible.
A unique tag that makes safe retries possible.
Indexers
Services that read the chain and prepare easy-to-use snapshots.
Services that read the chain and prepare easy-to-use snapshots.
IOC (Immediate-or-Cancel)
Order policy: fill what you can immediately and cancel the rest.
Order policy: fill what you can immediately and cancel the rest.
Invariant
A rule that must always remain true, used as a safety guard.
A rule that must always remain true, used as a safety guard.
J–L
JSON Schema
A formal way to define what a JSON document should look like.
A formal way to define what a JSON document should look like.
JWT
A compact token format for short-lived authorization.
A compact token format for short-lived authorization.
Keeper
An automated agent that takes care of routine on-chain tasks.
An automated agent that takes care of routine on-chain tasks.
KMS
A secure way to store and use cryptographic keys.
A secure way to store and use cryptographic keys.
Leveraged Token
A token that aims for a fixed leverage (for example, 3×) and rebalances to stay close.
A token that aims for a fixed leverage (for example, 3×) and rebalances to stay close.
Liquidity Dashboard
A view that shows trading depth, turnover, spreads, and market-making activity.
A view that shows trading depth, turnover, spreads, and market-making activity.
Liquidation
Closing a position when it no longer meets safety requirements.
Closing a position when it no longer meets safety requirements.
Light Client
A way to verify another chain’s state with minimal information.
A way to verify another chain’s state with minimal information.
Listing Pipeline
The steps to bring a new asset live safely.
The steps to bring a new asset live safely.
Listing Cap
A limit on how much of an asset can be listed in certain contexts.
A limit on how much of an asset can be listed in certain contexts.
M–O
Maker Scorecard
A summary of how market makers are performing.
A summary of how market makers are performing.
Margin (IM/MM)
Minimum amounts required to open and keep positions safe.
Minimum amounts required to open and keep positions safe.
Marketable Limit
A limit order that crosses the book and starts filling right away.
A limit order that crosses the book and starts filling right away.
MDX Safety
Tips for writing docs that render reliably (e.g., escaping special characters).
Tips for writing docs that render reliably (e.g., escaping special characters).
Mermaid
A simple diagramming syntax used in docs.
A simple diagramming syntax used in docs.
Metadata (Token)
Human-readable details like name, symbol, and icon.
Human-readable details like name, symbol, and icon.
MinOut (Swaps)
The minimum amount you’re willing to receive on a swap to protect against slippage.
The minimum amount you’re willing to receive on a swap to protect against slippage.
Mint (Token)
The configuration for creating and tracking a token’s supply.
The configuration for creating and tracking a token’s supply.
Mint / Freeze / Update Authority
Who is allowed to mint, pause, or update token metadata (as governed).
Who is allowed to mint, pause, or update token metadata (as governed).
Multisig
A wallet that requires multiple approvals to perform sensitive actions.
A wallet that requires multiple approvals to perform sensitive actions.
NAV (Basket)
The value of what a basket token represents.
The value of what a basket token represents.
Nudge (Notifications)
A lightweight “new data available” signal.
A lightweight “new data available” signal.
Oracle (Price Feed)
An external price source used for checks and settlement.
An external price source used for checks and settlement.
Order Status (Escrow)
Common states include: open, partial, filled, expired, canceled.
Common states include: open, partial, filled, expired, canceled.
Orchestrator (Swaps)
A service that assembles a swap transaction and records the outcome.
A service that assembles a swap transaction and records the outcome.
Vault Balance (Verified)
A cross-checked view of what’s actually held in a secure account.
A cross-checked view of what’s actually held in a secure account.
P–R
PDA (Program-Owned Address)
A special kind of address controlled by a program, often used for secure vaults.
A special kind of address controlled by a program, often used for secure vaults.
Pending (Rewards)
What a user has earned so far but hasn’t claimed yet.
What a user has earned so far but hasn’t claimed yet.
Platform Token (Generic)
A utility and governance token connected to the platform’s ecosystem and policies.
A utility and governance token connected to the platform’s ecosystem and policies.
PII (Personal Data)
Information that can identify a person. We avoid publishing it.
Information that can identify a person. We avoid publishing it.
Poller (Sync Job)
A background task that keeps stored data in sync with recent activity.
A background task that keeps stored data in sync with recent activity.
Price Guard (Orders)
A check that an order’s execution stays within the user’s set limits.
A check that an order’s execution stays within the user’s set limits.
Price Impact (Swaps)
The difference between a perfect spot price and what you actually get due to pool depth.
The difference between a perfect spot price and what you actually get due to pool depth.
Program Pinning
Using known, verified program IDs to prevent calling the wrong programs.
Using known, verified program IDs to prevent calling the wrong programs.
Proof-of-Reserves
An attestation that shows assets exist to support tokenized representations.
An attestation that shows assets exist to support tokenized representations.
Public Read Endpoint
A read-only API for public data that anyone can use.
A read-only API for public data that anyone can use.
Read API (Merged)
A reading surface that blends recent events with stored history for a clean view.
A reading surface that blends recent events with stored history for a clean view.
Reconciliation
Matching what’s on-chain with what should be on-chain, then proposing fixes.
Matching what’s on-chain with what should be on-chain, then proposing fixes.
Referral
Credit that shows who introduced an action or user, according to policy.
Credit that shows who introduced an action or user, according to policy.
Referral Share (Bps)
A small slice of fees or rewards set aside for referrals, if enabled.
A small slice of fees or rewards set aside for referrals, if enabled.
Replay (Events)
Rebuilding state by reprocessing events in order.
Rebuilding state by reprocessing events in order.
Route Fees
Policy-based splitting of fees between the treasury and other destinations.
Policy-based splitting of fees between the treasury and other destinations.
S–U
Snapshot (Static JSON)
A periodically refreshed file that makes reads very fast.
A periodically refreshed file that makes reads very fast.
Safe Exit (Pause Policy)
Letting users close or withdraw during an incident window.
Letting users close or withdraw during an incident window.
SDK
A developer library that makes it easier to interact with public surfaces.
A developer library that makes it easier to interact with public surfaces.
Schema Version
A version tag that helps keep data formats compatible across updates.
A version tag that helps keep data formats compatible across updates.
Settlement Price (Options)
The price used to settle options at expiry.
The price used to settle options at expiry.
Single WebSocket
One connection that can carry multiple real-time channels.
One connection that can carry multiple real-time channels.
Signer
A key that authorizes a transaction.
A key that authorizes a transaction.
SLA / SLO / SLI
A promise, a target, and a measurement for reliability and performance.
A promise, a target, and a measurement for reliability and performance.
Slippage (Bps)
Your tolerance for how far the final price can move from the quote.
Your tolerance for how far the final price can move from the quote.
SPL Token
The standard for fungible tokens on Solana-style chains.
The standard for fungible tokens on Solana-style chains.
Spread Snapshot
A point-in-time look at the bid/ask gap for an asset.
A point-in-time look at the bid/ask gap for an asset.
Status Flags
High-level labels like active, paused, or deprecated.
High-level labels like active, paused, or deprecated.
Stop-Limit / Trailing Stop
Orders that trigger when a price condition is met.
Orders that trigger when a price condition is met.
Stream (Event Log)
A durable sequence of events that apps can read from.
A durable sequence of events that apps can read from.
Supply Cap
The maximum allowed supply for a token or listing.
The maximum allowed supply for a token or listing.
Supply Utilization
How much of the allowed supply is currently in use.
How much of the allowed supply is currently in use.
Trades (Real-time)
A live stream of executed swaps or orders that UIs can display.
A live stream of executed swaps or orders that UIs can display.
Stale-While-Revalidate
Load fast from cache, then refresh in the background.
Load fast from cache, then refresh in the background.
Treasury Automation
Automatically routing eligible fees to a treasury wallet.
Automatically routing eligible fees to a treasury wallet.
TTL (Time-To-Live)
How long something stays cached before being checked again.
How long something stays cached before being checked again.
Transaction (TX)
A bundle of actions sent to the network.
A bundle of actions sent to the network.
TWAP
An execution approach that spreads trades over time.
An execution approach that spreads trades over time.
Two-Person Rule
Requiring two distinct approvals for sensitive actions.
Requiring two distinct approvals for sensitive actions.
Unallocated Rewards
Rewards held temporarily until there are eligible recipients.
Rewards held temporarily until there are eligible recipients.
Unstake (Rewards)
Returning shares and updating what’s earned.
Returning shares and updating what’s earned.
Update Config
Making governed changes to high-level settings.
Making governed changes to high-level settings.
User Account (Orders)
A lightweight record used to keep per-user order counts or similar summaries.
A lightweight record used to keep per-user order counts or similar summaries.
V–Z
Value at Risk (VaR)
An estimate of potential loss over a given time period.
An estimate of potential loss over a given time period.
Vault (Program-Owned)
A secure token account controlled by a program, used to hold funds safely.
A secure token account controlled by a program, used to hold funds safely.
Venue Adapter
A connector that talks to external venues for quotes or requests.
A connector that talks to external venues for quotes or requests.
Versioned Docs
Older and newer documentation published side-by-side for clarity.
Older and newer documentation published side-by-side for clarity.
WebSocket (Multiplexed)
A single connection carrying multiple update channels.
A single connection carrying multiple update channels.
Wrapped Token
A representation of a token on another chain, with the original held safely.
A representation of a token on another chain, with the original held safely.
Writer Lock
A guard that ensures only one process is writing at a time.
A guard that ensures only one process is writing at a time.